OPT / STEM OPT timeline calculator
Post-completion OPT for F-1 students involves several key dates: when you can file, the latest date you must file, the day work can start, the day it ends, and the maximum number of unemployment days. Missing any of them can affect your status. This calculator lays out the whole timeline at once.
Calculation rules and legal basis
| Item | Rule | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| OPT filing window | From 90 days before to 60 days after your program end date, and within 30 days of the DSO recommendation | 8 CFR 214.2(f)(11) |
| OPT start date | Must be within 60 days after your program end date | 8 CFR 214.2(f)(11) |
| OPT length | 12 months (available again at each higher degree level) | 8 CFR 214.2(f)(10)(ii) |
| Unemployment days | Up to 90 days during OPT; up to 150 days in total including the STEM extension | 8 CFR 214.2(f)(10)(ii)(E) |
| STEM extension | 24 months; must be filed within 90 days before, and before, your OPT EAD expires | 8 CFR 214.2(f)(10)(ii)(C), (f)(11) |
| While the extension is pending | If you file the STEM extension on time, you may keep working for up to 180 days after your original EAD expires | 8 CFR 274a.12(b)(6)(iv) |
| Grace period | 60 days after OPT ends to prepare to depart, transfer schools or change status | 8 CFR 214.2(f)(5)(i) |
Policy note: A new F-1 "duration of status (D/S)" rule issued in 2026 was originally set to take effect on September 15, 2026, but its implementation has been stayed by a federal court (as of October 2026). If the new rule takes effect, the grace period and other rules will change; watch for notices from your school's international student office.
Common questions
When is the best time to file for OPT?
It is generally advisable to file as early as possible before your program ends (at the earliest, 90 days before), so your EAD is more likely to be approved before your desired start date. You cannot start working until you have the EAD.
How are unemployment days counted?
Starting from your OPT start date, every day without qualifying employment counts as an unemployment day, including weekends and holidays. Exceeding the limit may cause you to lose status.
What are the employer requirements for the STEM extension?
The employer must participate in E-Verify, provide training related to your field, complete the I-983 training plan with you, and pay you comparably to similarly situated U.S. workers.
What if I am selected for H-1B while on OPT?
If you qualify, cap-gap can extend your F-1 status and work authorization until the H-1B takes effect. The length of the cap-gap extension has been adjusted in recent years; check current USCIS rules.
Related reading
- F-1 student visa, OPT and STEM OPT guide
- H-1B specialty occupation work visa guide
- O-1 extraordinary ability work visa
OPT ending soon and planning your next status? Book an attorney consultation.
Results are for reference only and are not legal advice. Specific dates depend on your school DSO's arrangements and the latest USCIS rules.